The randomized controlled trial (RCT) is considered the highest level of evidence to establish causal associations and clinical benefits in clinical research (1, 2). Yet, the medical use of opioids in the Unites States for the treatment of pain has been based on very weak evidence, inflicting enormous harms on the US population (3). A […]
The Evidence Map of Low Back Pain Treatment Options
Low back pain is extremely common and remains one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, resulting in substantial healthcare utilization and cost. Because of this broad impact, identifying and implementing effective, safe, and cost-efficient strategies to diagnose, manage, and prevent low back pain is essential to improve patient outcomes and reduce overall healthcare burden. […]
Nocturnal Wrist Bracing for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Carpal tunnel syndrome occurs when pressure within the wrist restricts the function of the median nerve, leading to numbness, tingling, pain, and eventually weakness in the parts of the palm, thumb, index, middle and thumb-side of the ring finger. Management focuses on reducing pressure inside the carpal tunnel, which may include manual therapies, exercises, and […]
Conservative Treatment for Hip Bursitis
Hip bursitis most often refers to trochanteric bursitis, an inflammation of the trochanteric bursa, a small fluid-filled sac located on the outer side of the hip. The primary symptom is pain on the outside of the hip near the greater trochanter—the bony bump at the top of the femur. The pain may be sharp, dull, […]
The Neck and Low Back Connection
When a patient seeks chiropractic care for a condition like neck pain or low back pain, it’s natural to assume the underlying cause is located in the region where the patient feels symptoms. But this isn’t always the case. Sometimes, the primary or contributing factor to the patient’s chief complaint can be elsewhere in the […]
Whiplash and the Four Phases of Injury Potential
Because rear-end motor vehicle collisions are the most common cause of whiplash injury, researchers have continuously sought to better understand this unique injury process, not only to derive more effective treatment strategies, but also to implement safety mechanisms in automobiles to reduce the risk of injury in the event of a car accident. As such, […]
The Inflammation and Depression Connection
Depression is a mood disorder characterized by persistent sadness, loss of interest or pleasure, and disruptions in thinking, energy, or daily functioning that interfere with one’s ability to carry out daily activities. For years, depression was widely believed to result primarily from a “chemical imbalance” related to serotonin. However, a major umbrella review in the […]
The Cervical Spine and Tinnitus
A classification method for nerves is to distinguish them as either spinal nerves or cranial nerves: Spinal nerves exit/enter the spinal cord via the intervertebral foramen between two adjacent spinal vertebrae. Cranial nerves exit/enter the brainstem and/or brain via the skull (cranial nerve XI, the spinal accessory nerve, is an exception: it is fully formed […]
Risk Factors for Postpartum Low Back Pain
It’s estimated that as many as 50–70% of new mothers experience low back pain and related disability, which can hinder their ability to carry out daily activities such as household chores, self-care, and meeting the physical demands of infant care—including feeding, lifting, and carrying. When severe enough, these physical limitations can contribute to stress, anxiety, […]
Midlife Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) occurs when the median nerve becomes compressed or restricted as it passes through the wrist. Early on, this may cause mild, intermittent tingling, numbness, or pain in parts of the hand, but over time, symptoms can become more frequent and activity-limiting. While CTS can develop at any age, it’s most common […]
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