Adhesive capsulitis, commonly known as frozen shoulder, is a condition characterized by painful and restricted shoulder movement. It affects approximately 2-5% of the United States population, most frequently in adults aged 40 to 60. The condition develops gradually, beginning with a “freezing” phase in which movement becomes increasingly painful and limited. This stage can last two to nine months. It is followed by a “frozen” phase, lasting four to twelve months, where the pain may lessen but stiffness persists. Finally, the “thawing” phase occurs as range of motion gradually returns, though some residual stiffness or functional limitation may remain. Many individuals seek chiropractic care to help manage symptoms and accelerate recovery—especially those who do not respond well to, or prefer to avoid, conventional treatments such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroid injections, capsular distension, or surgery.

During an initial visit, the chiropractor will take a thorough history and assess symptoms, followed by a physical examination that may include active and passive range of motion testing, orthopedic assessments, and neurological screenings. This evaluation helps to both confirm the diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis and rule out other possible causes of shoulder pain and restricted movement, such as rotator cuff tears, impingement syndrome, calcific tendonitis, osteoarthritis, cervical radiculopathy, biceps tendinopathy or rupture, and labral tears.

In-office care often includes various manual therapies aimed at improving shoulder mobility. During the acute “freezing” phase, chiropractors may use low-grade mobilizations—gentle, passive movements within the joint’s available range—to reduce pain and muscular guarding. As inflammation subsides, high-grade mobilizations may be introduced to stretch the joint capsule and improve range of motion, often by moving into resistance at or near the joint’s end range. In some cases, manipulative therapy may be applied to address capsular restrictions. If mechanical dysfunctions in surrounding regions—such as the cervical spine or thoracic spine—are contributing to symptoms, chiropractors may apply treatment to these areas as well.

In addition to in-office care, home exercise is critical for optimal recovery. Chiropractors may recommend wand exercises, which involve using the unaffected arm to assist the affected shoulder through various ranges of motion using a cane or broomstick. These may be performed in both standing and lying positions and are customized based on the individual’s stage of recovery.

Chiropractors may also encourage patients to reduce sedentary behavior, engage in regular aerobic activity, eat an anti-inflammatory diet, and use heat and/or ice therapy depending on their stage of healing. In more complex or non-responsive cases, chiropractors may co-manage with a medical doctor or orthopedic specialist to ensure the best possible outcome.